For the Teacher

Learning Objectives -

Unit

Examine and evaluate first person accounts of initial encounters with Yosemite and efforts to preserve it.
Understand the impact that personal narrative and art work have had in the creation and continued preservation of the nation's national parks.
Examine some of the issues involved in protecting and managing Yosemite and other national parks.
Analyze issues related to the long term management of one of the nation's parks.

Related National Standards for History

Era 4 - Expansion and Reform

Standard 1B - Understand federal and state Indian policy and the strategies for survival forged by Native Americans. 

Era 6 - Development of the Industrial United States -

Standard 1D - Explain the origins of environmentalism and the conservation movement in the late 19th century.
Standard 2C - Describe how regional artists and writers portrayed American life in this period.

Historical Thinking - Standard 2 - Historical Comprehension

C. Identify the central question(s) the historical narrative addresses.
F. Appreciate historical perspectives.

Historical Thinking - Standard 3 - Historical Analysis and Interpretation

A. Compare and contrast differing sets of ideas.
F. Compare competing historical narratives.

Historical Thinking - Standard 5 - Historical Issues, Analysis & Decision Making

A. Identify issues and problems in the past.
F. Evaluate the implementation of a decision.

Theme III: People, Places, and Environment

Standard D - The student estimates distance, calculates scale, and distinguishes other geographic relationships such as population density and spatial distribution patterns.

Standard E - The student locates and describes varying landforms and geographic features, such as mountains, plateaus, islands, rain forests, deserts, and oceans, and explain their relationships within the ecosystem.

Standard G - The student describes how people create places that reflect cultural values and ideals as they build neighborhoods, parks, shopping centers, and the like

Standard H - The student examines, interprets, and analyzes physical and cultural patterns and their interactions, such as land use, settlement patterns, cultural transmission of customs and ideas, and ecosystem changes.

Standard I - The student describes ways that historical events have been influenced by, and have influenced physical and human geographic factors in local, regional, national, and global settings.

Standard K - The student proposes, compares, and evaluates alternative uses of land and resources in communities, regions, nations, and the world.

Theme VI: Power, Authority, and Governance

Standard C - The student analyzes and explains ideas and governmental mechanisms to meet needs and wants of citizens, regulate territory, manage conflict, and establish order and security.

Theme X: Civic Ideals, and Practices

Standard C - The student locates, accesses, analyzes, organizes, and applies information about selected public issues - recognizing and explaining multiple points of view.

Standard D - The student practices forms of civic discussion and participation consistent with the ideals of citizens in a democratic republic.

Related National Geography Standards

Standard 1: Use maps and other geographic representations, tools, and technologies to acquire, process, and report information.

Standard 9: Analyze characteristics, distribution, and migration of human populations on Earth's surface.

Standard 17 - Know and understand how to apply geography to interpret the past.

GIS Activities -

GIS assignments are an integrated part of the Activities materials in this collection. Students will need access to MyWorld GIS, a software package designed for middle and secondary student use. A 45-day trial version is available.

The related MyWorld files for this unit are available to download.

The data and images in the various map layers are from a variety of sources:

Layer

Source

Western States
County Level Data
California State and County shape files from ESRI Data & Maps available in My World US data files
Information Related to Early Yosemite Trails Lafayette H. Bunnell. "Map of the Yo-Semite Valley." in Discovery of the Yosemite. New York: F H Revell Company, 1892.

Linda W. Greene. "Early Trails." and "Historical Base Map of Roads and Trails, Yosemite National Park." in Yosemite: The Park and Its Resources. Yosemite National Park, California: National Park Service, 1987.

Thomas Frederick Howard, Sierra Crossing: First Roads to California, Berkeley: University of California Press, 1998.

Zenas Leonard. Narrative of the Adventures of Zenas Leonard. Clearfield, Pennsylvania: D. W. Moore, 1839.

Tredwell Moore. "Reports from Lt. Tredwell Moore to the Pacific Division on the Mariposa Indian War of 1852." as found in Thomas C. Fletcher, Paiute, Prospector, Pioneer: The Bodie-Mono Lake Area in the Nineteenth Century, (Lee Vining, California: Artemisia Press, 1987.

Carl P Russell. "The Geography of the Mariposa Indian War." in Yosemite Nature Notes. XXX(3,4,6,7), 1951.

Carl P Russell. "Sketch Map of the Yosemite Region." One Hundred Years in Yosemite. Berkeley, California: University of California Press, 1932

U.S. Geological Survey, "Yosemite (1911) and Mt. Lyell (1901) Quadrangle 30-minute topographic maps", available at the Historic Topographic Maps of California, University of California, Berkeley Library.

Yosemite Boundary File “Boundary of Yosemite National Park, California,” available from the National Park Service Geography and Mapping Technologies, Geographic Information Systems web page.
Yosemite Area clipped from “30m Color Hillshade of California,” available from CaSIL - The California Spatial Information Library.
Yosemite Topographic Map stitched from U.S. Geological Survey, "Yosemite (1911), Mt. Lyell (1901), Bridgeport (1911), and Dardanelles (1896) Quadrangle 30-minute topographic maps", available at the Historic Topographic Maps of California, University of California, Berkeley Library.

Additional Resources -

Those interested in learning more will find that the Internet offers a variety of interesting materials.

Yosemite National Park

Visit the Yosemite National Park Web pages to learn more about the history of this geological wonder. Included on the site are details on the history and geology of the park, photo galleries, educational resources, and much more. The Yosemite Web is a tremendous resource of both primary and secondary resources about Yosemite. The web site of the Yosemite Association is also a valuable resource.

The National Park Idea

The United States created the world's first national park (Yellowstone), as well as the first national park system. The National Parks: Shaping the System explores the evolution of the "national park idea."

Park Geology

Yosemite in Depth: Geology provides an interactive introduction to the park's geology.

U.S. Geological Survey

The Geologic Story of Yosemite Valley is an essay from the U.S. Geological survey outlining the geologic history of Yosemite Valley. It touching on the roles of erosion and glacial action in carving the granite features of the park.

Library of Congress: American Memory Collection

Search the American Memory Collection for resources on Yosemite National Park.

For Further Reading

Students and educators wishing to learn more about Yosemite may want to read the following: Alfred Runte, Yosemite: The Embattled Wilderness (University of Nebraska Press, 1990). Carl Parcher Russell, One Hundred Years in Yosemite; The Story of a Great Park and Its Friends 2d. ed. (Berkeley: University of California Press, 1947).

Contact -

Your comments and suggestion about these materials are more than welcome.

If you have ideas for additional topics that would lend themselves to the approach taken here, please pass them along. I'd enjoy collaborating with you.

email: Rick Thomas

Last modified in July, 2008 by Rick Thomas